(Endocr Pract 2012;18: 567-578)”
“Chorangiosis is microscop

(Endocr Pract. 2012;18: 567-578)”
“Chorangiosis is microscopically designated as more than ten terminal capillaries within the villous stroma of the placenta and is mostly related to chronic fetal hypoxia. However, the histogenetic relationship between increased number of terminal villous capillaries and chronic hypoxia has not yet been clarified. Of 665 placentas histologically examined at Saitama Medical University from 2003 to 2010, chorangiosis was found in 58 cases (8.7 %), which were mostly more than 35 gestational

weeks. In addition, low birth weight (less than 2,500 g) infants (74.1 %) and those who suffered from cardiac anomalies, chromosome anomalies, Crenigacestat supplier and single umbilical artery comprised 32.7 % of cases. Placental lesions were associated with chorangiosis involved in infarct (46.6 %), intervillous thrombosis (20.7 %), and marginal hemorrhages MEK inhibitor review (22.4 %). Scanning electron microscopic studies showed narrowing of vessel ostium and disorders of endothelium in the umbilical cord vessel complicated by chorangiosis. Furthermore, in transmission electron microscopic observation, not only the chorionic villi had multiple enlarged vessels within the villous stroma, but we also found

that new capillaries were formed by angiogenesis with endothelial cells derived from fibroblasts under the chronic hypoxic state.”
“Implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) are being used with increasing frequency in children and young adults. Our aim was to examine the appropriateness and frequency of ICD discharges in children and young adults, to compare the effectiveness of ICDs when placed for primary or secondary prevention, and to provide time-dependent analysis OH-FMK Caspase Inhibitor VI mouse of ICD discharges. Data were collected from seven institutions on 210 patients < 30 years of age

who underwent ICD implantation from October 1992 to January 2007. Median age at implant was 15.4 years with a follow-up average of 3.3 years. Heart disease was categorized as electrical (n = 90, 42%), cardiomyopathic (n = 62, 30%), or congenital heart disease (n = 58, 28%). ICDs are increasingly placed for primary prevention. There are increased appropriate ICD discharges for ICDs placed for secondary prevention (52%) versus primary prevention (14%) at 5 years. There is no difference in the risk of inappropriate discharges between primary and secondary prevention indications. There is an increased risk for inappropriate therapy in the congenital heart disease population. An increasing number of ICDs are being placed for primary prevention in young patients, a marked shift in practice during the last two decades. The benefits of ICDs remain greater in secondary than in primary-prevention patients.

Results and Conclusions: We received responses from all 29 active

Results and Conclusions: We received responses from all 29 active BIRCWH programs. Factors associated with success included ensuring sufficient protected time for regular (weekly or biweekly) mentoring; mentors promoting the research independence of the Scholar; a team mentoring

approach, including career as well as content mentors; and explicit and clear expectations outlined between the Scholar and mentor. The majority of programs conduct formal evaluations of mentorship, and 79% of programs offer training in mentorship for either Scholars, mentors, or both. This article presents program leaders’ best practices, challenges, and lessons learned from mentoring junior faculty who are conducting women’s health research, whether basic, clinical, behavioral, translational, or health services research, using an interdisciplinary mentoring approach.”
“Background PRN1371 in vivo and Purpose: Obesity has been identified as a limitation of extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (SWL). The obesity metrics of body mass index (BMI) and skin-to-stone distance (SSD) have been evaluated as predictors of SWL success. While SSD has demonstrated a strong correlation with success, BMI has not. Bioimpedance Doramapimod solubility dmso analysis (BIA) is an accurate way of determining body adiposity. We evaluated fat mass percentage (FMP) as measured by BIA

as a predictor of SWL success.

Patients and Methods: We prospectively collected body composition data using the Imp-DF50 Body Impedance Analyzer on consecutive patients undergoing

SWL. All generated variables, including FMP, along with demographics, BMI, stone size, and stone composition, were analyzed. Patients were evaluated for success, defined as no evidence of stones on radiography of the kidneys, ureters, and bladder JNJ-64619178 cell line at follow-up.

Results: Fifty-two consecutive patients were enrolled in the study, of which 37 had the necessary metrics to be included in the analysis. Twenty-three (62.2%) patients were stone free while 14 (37.8%) were found to have residual stone at follow-up. There was no difference in sex, stone laterality, mean age, and stone size between the groups. For the success and failure groups, the mean BMI was 25.8 kg/m(2) and 29.8 kg/m(2) (P = 0.0091), and mean FMP 24.6% and 32.2% (P = 0.0034). On mirrored multivariable analysis, both BMI (OR = 0.735, P = 0.026) and FMP (OR = 0.806, P = 0.010) were associated with success. Patients with a FMP >= 35% had a reduced success rate compared with those with a FMP <35% (14% vs 73%, respectively, P = 0.0028).

Conclusions: Both BMI and FMP both appear to be independent predictors of success. Based on these findings, a large study examining the relationship between BMI, FMP, SSD, and SWL success is warranted.

This paper provides an overview of the mechanisms of action and e

This paper provides an overview of the mechanisms of action and efficacy and safety results from clinical trials with this drug. The role of teriflunomide in the treatment of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis is discussed.”
“To elucidate whether adrenergic overtone is involved in the pathophysiology of men with lifelong (LL) premature ejaculation (PE), we investigated differences GF120918 chemical structure in reactive hyperemia index (RHI) responses by using peripheral arterial tonometry (PAT). 20 men with LL-PE (18-40 years) were enrolled in an 8-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study and compared with 10 age-matched controls

without LL-PE. Primary endpoints were PAT modifications

induced by vardenafil 10 mg on demand. Secondary endpoints were the improvement in LCL161 intravaginal ejaculatory latency time (IELT) as measured by the stopwatch technique and variations in anxiety scores at Stai-X1 for state-anxiety and Stai-X2 for trait-anxiety. At baseline, men with LL-PE showed higher RHI variation (P < 0.001), Stai-X1 and Stai X2 scores (P < 0.0001, resp.), and prolactin levels (P < 0.05) compared with controls. Vardenafil treatment markedly reduced RHI variation in men with LL-PE (P < 0.01) when compared with placebo. Mean changes in geometric IELT were higher after taking vardenafil (0.6 +/- 0.3 versus 4.5 +/- 1.1 min, P < 0.01)

when compared with placebo. STAI-X1 and STAI-X2 scores fell within the normal range after treatment with vardenafil (P < 0.01). Vardenafil was an effective treatment in men with LL-PE; improvements of IELT may be due to increased NO production which is able to reduce adrenergic overactivity and anxiety levels.”
“Renin is an enzyme that limits angiotensin-II synthesis and activates the renin-angiotensin system (RAS). Therefore, for almost 50 years, multiple attempts were made to develop orally active direct R788 renin inhibitors (DRIs). Recently, it has been demonstrated that both prorenin and renin are active molecules that interact with a specific receptor, (P)RR, and that stimulation of this receptor leads to the activation of signal transduction pathways independent of angiotensin-II activity. Aliskiren, the first non-peptide orally active DRI, has been found to be safe and effective in the treatment of hypertension. The present article reviews the development of DRIs, the pathophysiological roles of prorenin and renin, the structure of and the signal transduction pathways involved in activation of the (P)RR, and the mechanisms of action of, the possible differences between, and the comparative advantages and disadvantages of DRIs and other RAS inhibitors, mainly angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin AT1 receptor blockers.”
“Objective.

e , electrotaxis) In tissues, physiological

chemical gra

e., electrotaxis). In tissues, physiological

chemical gradients and dcEF can potentially co-exist and the two guiding mechanisms may direct cell migration in a coordinated manner. Recently, microfluidic devices that can precisely configure chemical gradients or dcEF have been increasingly developed and used for chemotaxis and electrotaxis studies. However, a microfluidic device that can configure controlled co-existing chemical gradients and dcEF that would allow quantitative cell migration analysis in complex electrochemical guiding environments is not available. In this study, we developed a polydimethylsiloxane-based microfluidic device that can generate better controlled single or co-existing chemical gradients and GSK923295 clinical trial dcEF. Using this device, we showed chemotactic migration of T cells toward a chemokine CCL19 gradient or electrotactic migration toward the cathode of an applied dcEF. Furthermore, T cells migrated more strongly toward the cathode of a dcEF in the presence of a competing CCL19 gradient, suggesting the higher electrotactic attraction. Taken together, the developed microfluidic device offers a new experimental tool for studying chemical and electrical guidance for cell migration, and our current results with T cells

provide interesting new insights of immune cell migration in complex guiding environments. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org.elibrary.einstein.yu.edu/10.1063/1.4718721]“
“Although it is well-known that defective CH5183284 solubility dmso signaling of the 5-HT system in the brain and stressful stimuli can cause psychological disorders, their combined effects on male male aggression and sexual attractiveness remain unknown. Our research aimed at examining such effects using tryptophan hydroxylase 2 (Tph2) knockout male mice vs. a rat- or rat scent-based chronic stress

model. Tph2(+/+) and Tph2(-/-) male mice were placed individually into the rat home cage (rat), a cage containing soiled rat bedding (rat scent) or a cage containing fresh bedding (control) for 5h every other day for 56 consecutive days. In Tph2(+/+) male Selleck Pexidartinib mice, rat-exposure decreased male male aggression and sexual attractiveness of urine odor relative to either rat scent-exposure or control; and rat scent-exposure decreased aggression rather than sexual attractiveness of urine odor compared with control. However, such dose-dependent and long-lasting behavioral inhibitory effects vanished in Tph2(-/-) male mice. RT-PCR assay further revealed that putative regulatory genes, such as AR, ER alpha and GluR4 in the prefrontal cortex, and TrkB-Tc and 5-HTR1A in the hippocampus, were down-regulated at the mRNA level in either rat- or rat scent-exposed Tph2(+/+) male mice, but partially in the Tph2(-/-) ones.

Treatment of the tissue culture with salicylic acid resulted in a

Treatment of the tissue culture with salicylic acid resulted in a significant increase of intracellular protein and decrease of proteolytic activity. In cells treated with salicylic acid, the amounts of DNA and RNA was higher in conditions of heat (3 h, 45A degrees C) and cold (24 h, 7A degrees C) stress in comparison with cells exposed to unfavorable temperatures without the initial treatment with salicylic acid.”
“In 2004, there

were 11,092 presentations to Irish hospitals with deliberate self-harm, including 7,933 cases of drug overdose, of which 31% involved paracetamol. Limiting the availability of paracetamol reduces morbidity and mortality associated with paracetamol overdose.

The present study

PU-H71 aimed to determine the level of compliance with statutory regulations governing the sale of paracetamol in Ireland.

Researchers Alvespimycin visited pharmacy (n = 20) and non-pharmacy outlets (newsagents, mini-markets and supermarkets) (n = 50) in Dublin city and attempted to purchase amounts of paracetamol that exceeded the statutory limits for a single transaction.

Amounts of paracetamol in excess of statutory limits for a single transaction were purchased in 50.0% of pharmacies, 81.8% of newsagents/mini-markets and 20.0% of supermarkets. One year later, we again visited pharmacy (n = 20) and non-pharmacy outlets (n = 50) in Dublin city and purchased amounts of paracetamol in excess of statutory limits in 50.0% of pharmacies, 52.3% of newsagents/mini-markets and 10.0% of supermarkets.

We Emricasan recommend that (a) notwithstanding the improvement in compliance rates in

newsagents/mini-markets, the sale of paracetamol in these outlets should be discontinued; (b) the sale of paracetamol in supermarkets should continue, although automated checkout tills should be appropriately re-programmed; and (c) there should be greater efforts to ensure compliance with statutory regulations in pharmacies.”
“Objective: The standard approach for endovascular treatment of the renal artery is access via the common femoral artery. However, approximately one in eight patients have a renal artery take-off angle that is less than 50 degrees. In these patients approaching via a femoral access site can be technically challenging. The goal of this study was to design and implement a set of experiments that could empirically determine the critical renal artery takeoff angle at which a superior approach would be employed.

Methods: An experimental model of the abdominal aorta, iliac arteries and the renal arteries was constructed using averaged CT angiography data from 10 patients. A number of guide catheter and guide wire combinations were advanced into this model and the force/displacement response was established.


“Introduction Orofacial space infections are common prese


“Introduction. Orofacial space infections are common presentations in maxillofacial clinics even in the post-antibiotic era. One of the main factors determining Apoptosis inhibitor the spread of infection is the host defense mechanism. Diabetes is one of the most common systemic illness suppressing the immunity of an individual and increasing their susceptibility to infections. This study was carried out to compare the spaces involved, the severity of infection, the virulent organism, the efficacy of empirical antibiotics,

the length of hospital stay, and the complications encountered in the management of maxillofacial space infection of odontogenic origin in diabetic patients as compared with nondiabetic patients.

Methodology. A 4-year prospective study was carried out on patients with maxillofacial space infection of odontogenic origin. The patients were divided into 2 groups on the basis of presence or absence of diabetes.

Results. A total of 111 patients were identified out of which 31 were diabetic. The organisms commonly isolated were Streptococcus species with submandibular space being the most common space involved in

both the groups. The empirical antibiotic used was amoxicillin plus clavulanic acid combined with metrogyl in 70.27% cases.

Conclusion. Streptococcus species is still the most common causative pathogen irrespective of the diabetic status of the patient. The same empirical antibiotic therapy of amoxicillin plus clavulanic acid combined with metrogyl along with hyperglycemia control and surgical drainage of infection yielded satisfactory resolution

of infection in Adavosertib research buy the diabetic patients as well. (Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2010;110:e7-e12)”
“The statistical methodology of population balance (PB) has been applied in order to predict the effects of cross-linking and chain-scissioning induced by ionizing radiation on the distribution of molecular weight between cross-links (MWBC) of a siloxane-based elastomer. Effective molecular weight distributions were extracted from the quantification GSK461364 Cell Cycle inhibitor of residual dipolar couplings via multiple quantum nuclear magnetic resonance (MQ-NMR) measurements and are taken to reflect actual MWBC distributions. The PB methodology is then applied to the unirradiated MWBC distribution and considers both chain-scissioning and the possibility of the formation of three types of cross-links: random recombination of scissioned-chain ends (end-linking), random covalent bonds of free radicals on scissioned-chain ends (Y-cross-linking), and the formation of random cross-links from free radicals on side groups (H-cross-linking). The qualitative agreement between the statistical modeling approach and the NMR data confirms that it is possible to predict trends for the evolution of the distribution of MWBC of polymers under irradiation. The approach described herein can also discern heterogeneities in radiation effects in different structural motifs in the polymer network.

[doi:10 1063/1 3371261]“
“Hernias commonly coexist with preg

[doi:10.1063/1.3371261]“
“Hernias commonly coexist with pregnancy; however, an incarcerated hernia with bowel obstruction is rare at advanced gestation and requires urgent intervention.

A multiparous woman with a known large incisional hernia presented at 33 selleck chemicals llc weeks and 5 days gestational age with acute-onset, upper abdominal pain and nausea. The patient was diagnosed with small bowel obstruction secondary

to an incarcerated hernia. She was managed with serial abdominal exams until her repeat cesarean section and simultaneous hernia repair were performed 24 h after admission and betamethasone administration. The patient and infant did well postoperatively.

Bowel incarceration through an incisional hernia can occur during pregnancy and result in favorable maternal and neonatal outcomes with simultaneous delivery and surgical repair.”
“The objective of this study was

to elucidate the role of hydroxyvalerate (HV) composition in polyhydroxy butyrate valerate (PHBV) copolymer film on the degradation of copolymer and osteoblastic cell activity. Degradation was studied by monitoring time-dependent changes in mass and chemical composition of the macroporous films. The mass loss of PHBV film upon 19 weeks of exposure to pH 7.4 phosphate buffer medium was found to range from 2.8% to 9.2% with a compound inhibitor strong dependence on the original composition of the copolyester film and morphology. Tapping mode atomic force microscopy (TMAFM) was used to examine the roughness change of polyester films due to exposure to buffer medium. Chemical analysis of the degraded film was carried out using NMR to aid in the interpretation of the mass loss and TMAFM data. The NMR results showed a significant decrease in the mol %. of HV content in the degraded PHBV film. Additionally, we established that UMR-106 cell proliferation on macroporous PHBV matrix is minimally enhanced by the HV content of PHBV copolymer. Information provided by this study can be used in the selection of appropriate PHBV copolymer

for clinical use where the biopolymer needs to remain physically intact and chemically unchanged during the intended period of biomedical application. (C) 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 116: 3225-3231, GSK461364 datasheet 2010″
“Nanostructured Au films were deposited on Si(111) by room-temperature sputtering. By the atomic force microscopy technique we studied the evolution of the Au film morphology as a function of the film thickness h and annealing time t at 873 K. By the study of the evolution of the mean vertical and horizontal sizes of the islands forming the film and of their fraction of covered area as a function of h from 1.7 x 10(17) to 1.0 x 10(18) Au/cm(2) we identified four different growth stages such as: (1) 1.7 x 10(17) <= h <= 3.0 x 10(17) Au/cm(2), nucleation of nanometric three-dimensional (3D) hemispherical Au clusters; (2) 3.0 x 10(17) < h <= 5.2 x 10(17) Au/cm(2), lateral growth of the Au clusters; (3) 5.2 x 10(17) < h <= 7.

(C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd All rights reserved “
“Background: Fi

(C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Background: Findings from clinical and research studies suggest that the overall health-related quality of life of many colorectal cancer survivors is good. However, many survivors report significant sexual dysfunction after treatment Epigenetics inhibitor that may adversely affect their quality of life in survivorship.

Methods: This article examines studies investigating sexual function in men and women

treated for colorectal cancer. Also included are data on the prevalence and nature of sexual dysfunctions in colorectal cancer survivors, the impact of specific treatment modalities for colorectal cancer on sexual function, and the management of sexual dysfunction in men and women.

Results: Published studies investigating sexual dysfunction after colorectal cancer treatment generally have been limited conceptually and methodologically. IACS-10759 chemical structure However, findings suggest that the prevalence of sexual dysfunction among colorectal cancer survivors is high.

Conclusions: Sexual dysfunction is often a long-term and late effect of treatment for colorectal cancer. The assessment and management of sexual dysfunction in men and women treated for colorectal cancer should be standard practice throughout treatment and in survivorship.”
“Assessment of human exposure to environmental persistent organic pollutants such as

organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/furans (PCDD/Fs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) based on the levels in human breast milk provides a reasonable tool not only to assess the contaminant burden in mothers but also to assess potential exposure of breast-fed neonates. There are limited

data on levels of PCBs and OCPs in humans but no previous reports from Turkey on chemically determined levels PAHs in human milk. The VE-822 purchase aim of this study was to report the levels and accumulation profiles of OCPs, PCBs and PAHs in 47 breast milk samples obtained from a Mediterranean city, Mersin. High resolution analyses were performed by a gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometer (GC-MS). Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane (4.4′-DDE) was the dominant pollutant. Beta-hexachlorocyclohexane (beta-HCH), dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (4.4′-DDT), dieldrin, hexachlorobenzene, oxy-chlordane, cis-heptachlorepoxide were the other main OCPs detected. Mean levels of Sigma PCB congeners and WHOPCB-TEQ were 9.94 and 0.001 ng/g lipid, respectively. PCB 153 showed the highest concentration (3.37 ng/g lipid), followed by PCB 138 and 180. For the dioxin-like PCBs, PCB 118 was the dominant (0.97 ng/g lipid). Naphthalene, phenanthrene, pyrene and fluoranthene were the major PAHs among the 16 PAHs detected. The estimated daily intakes of DDTs, PCBs, HCHs and HCB were not exceeded the tolerable daily intake (TDI) proposed by the Health Canada Guideline.

Methods: Heterosexuals residing in or socially connected to NYC H

Methods: Heterosexuals residing in or socially connected to NYC HRAs were recruited using respondent driven sampling for participation in the United States Centers for Disease Control-sponsored National HIV Behavioral Surveillance System in 2010. SCH772984 clinical trial Eligible individuals were interviewed and offered an HIV test. The analysis reported here focused on black women with valid HIV results who did not report being HIV positive, and examined factors related to HIV infection in this group. Results: Of 153 black women who did not report being HIV positive at enrollment, 15 (9.8%) tested HIV positive. Age 40 years, ever injected drugs, and in the last 12 months had unprotected vaginal sex, exchange sex,

last sex partner used crack, non-injection crack use, and non-injection heroin use were significantly associated with HIV infection (p<0.05). Only ever injected drugs (prevalence ratio: 5.1; 95% confidence interval: 2.0, 12.9) was retained in the final model. Conclusions: Black women who had reported being either

HIV negative or unaware of their serostatus had ARS-1620 molecular weight high HIV prevalence. Efforts to identify and treat HIV positive black women in HRAs should target those with a history of injection drug use. Frequent testing for HIV should be promoted in HRAs.”
“Purpose of review

Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is underdiagnosed, undertreated, and increasing in prevalence. Continued advances in understanding atherosclerosis, pathophysiology of vascular disease and risk factor modification emphasize the importance of a complete medical regimen. With the recently changed guidelines for PAD suggesting screening patients at an earlier age

and the known EPZ5676 benefits of using preventive therapies for PAD, this is the perfect time to review recent information and research on medical therapy for PAD, both for symptomatic patients and for secondary prevention.

Recent findings

PAD is a manifestation of systemic atherosclerosis. With the recent update of the ACC/AHA guidelines for the management of PAD, risk factor modification continues to be a major focus. Smoking is one of the most important modifiable risk factors in patients with PAD. New recommendations and therapeutic options exist for assisting patients in smoking cessation. Additionally, new evidence continues to support controlling hypertension, controlling lipids and use of antiplatelet agents. Evidence continues to evolve about the evidence of exercise therapy in symptomatic and asymptomatic PAD.

Summary

PAD is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Medical therapy is targeted toward systemic atherosclerosis and risk factor modification. Exercise therapy is the most studied and validated therapy for symptomatic peripheral arterial disease.”
“OBJECTIVE: To estimate the effect of body mass index (BMI) on oocyte and embryo parameters and cycle outcomes in women undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF).

01) Prophylaxed

recipients presented less frequently wit

01). Prophylaxed

recipients presented less frequently with MIT change >= 0.3 mm (p = 0.03) and >= 0.5 mm (p = 0.10) than those managed preemptively. Prophylaxis was also associated with later onset of CMV infection (p = 0.01), lower peak CMV detection (p < 0.01) and reduced incidence of CMV disease/syndrome (p = 0.04). After adjusting for metabolic risk factors and other possible confounders, prophylaxis remained independently associated with lower risk for MIT change >= 0.3 mm (odds ratio = 0.09, 95% confidence interval 0.01 to 0.93; P = 0.04).

Conclusions: Universal prophylaxis was associated with delayed onset of CMV infection, lower viral burden, reduced CMV disease/syndrome and less intimal thickening, as compared with a preemptive https://www.selleckchem.com/products/epacadostat-incb024360.html anti-CMV approach. Randomized studies are required to confirm the potential benefits of prophylaxis vs a preemptive approach in heart transplant recipients. J Heart Lung Transplant 2009;28: 461-7. Copyright (C) 2009 by the International

Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation.”
“Background Although the 5 years cancer survival rate has increased to 66%, fear of cancer recurrence (FOR) continues to be a major concern for both cancer survivors and their family caregivers. It remains unknown, however, to what extent cancer severity is associated with the level of FOR reported by each AG-120 cell line individual in the survivor-caregiver dyad, which, in turn, is also associated with their quality of life (QOL).

Method A total of 455 cancer survivor-caregiver dyads, who participated in national surveys targeting 2 years post-diagnosis, provided complete data for variables studied.

Results Results of the Actor Partner Interdependence Model suggested that higher cancer severity was related to greater levels of FOR among both survivors and caregivers, which, in turn, was related to poorer QOL. Caregivers’ FOR was related to survivors’ poorer physical health. The associations between FOR and QOL were significant, above and beyond those of general anxiety.

Conclusion Findings suggest that as expected, cancer severity

was TPX-0005 cell line significantly related to individuals’ FOR, which, in turn, played a key role in their mental health. Caregivers’ FOR was also related to survivors’ physical health, which suggests that programs aimed to manage FOR effectively should be provided not only to survivors but also caregivers, thereby improving the QOL of each person.”
“The relationship between cigarette smoking and cell damage is complicated, particularly considering the role of oxidative stress. The aim. of this study was to identify the relationships among plasma nicotine metabolites, lipophilic antioxidants, and metabolic parameters in smokers and nonsmokers. This cross-sectional study recruited 100 subjects who visited the Department of Family Medicine at Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital. Excluding 14 ineligible cases, 46 smokers and 40 non-smokers were enrolled.