Conclusion. GAD1 is expressed in benign and malignant prostatic tissue and may serve as a highly prostate-specific tissue biomarker.”
“Tetragonal PbTiO3 under in-plane biaxial stress is investigated from first principles. We show that before the biaxial tensile stress applied in the plane perpendicular to the c axis reaches its ideal tensile strength of 28.95 GPa, PbTiO3 tend to show the paraelectric tetragonal symmetry. We also find that the

biaxial tensile stress can enhance the piezoelectric stress coefficients, whereas the biaxial compressive stress can enhance the piezoelectric strain coefficients. The underlying mechanisms for the predicted piezoelectric responses are also discussed.”
“The capability of the AC dielectrophoresis Danusertib (DEP) for on-chip capture and chaining of microalgae suspended in freshwaters was evaluated. The effects of freshwater composition as well as the electric field voltage, frequency, and duration, on the dielectrophoretic response of microalga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii were characterized systematically. ISRIB mouse Highest efficiency of cell alignment in one-dimensional arrays, determined by the percentage of cells in chain and the chain length, was obtained at AC-field of 20 V mm-1 and 1 kHz applied for 600 s. The DEP response and cell alignment of C. reinhardtii

in water sampled from lake, pond, and river, as well as model media were affected by the chemical composition of the media. In the model media, the efficiency of DEP chaining was negatively correlated to the conductivity

of the cell suspensions, being higher in suspensions with low conductivity. The cells suspended in freshwaters, however, showed anomalously high chaining at long exposure times. High concentrations of nitrate and dissolved organic matter EPZ015938 in vivo decrease cell chaining efficiency, while phosphate and citrate concentrations increase it and favor formation of longer chains. Importantly, the application of AC-field had no effect on algal autofluorescence, cell membrane damage, or oxidative stress damages in C. reinhardtii. (C) 2013 AIP Publishing LLC [http://dx.doi.org.elibrary.einstein.yu.edu/10.1063/1.4801870]“
“Objective. Sacral neuromodulation is a treatment modality for voiding dysfunction that is resistant to conventional medical and surgical treatments. In Finland, sacral neuromodulation has been used for the treatment of urgency-frequency syndrome, non-obstructive urinary retention and painful bladder/interstitial cystitis since 1996. Material and methods. The investigation retrospectively evaluated 180 tested patients, 74 of whom underwent permanent implantation of the InterStim (R) device. Results. A positive test result leading to implantation was significantly more frequent among females than males. Among urinary retention patients, the patients with a positive test leading to implantation were significantly younger than those without implantation.