1953) Brenner et al. 1973 and Brenneria paradisiaca to the genus Dickeya gen. nov. as Dickeya chrysanthemi comb. nov. and Dickeya paradisiaca comb. nov. and delineation of four novel species, Dickeya dadantii sp. nov., Dickeya dianthicola sp. nov., Dickeya dieffenbachiae sp. nov. and Dickeya zeae sp. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2005,55(4):1415–1427.PubMedCrossRef 26. Darrasse A, Priou S, Kotoujansky A, Bertheau Y: PCR and restriction fragment length polymorphism of a pel gene as a tool

to identify Erwinia carotovora GS-4997 in relation to potato diseases. Appl Environ Microbiol 1994,60(5):1437–1443.PubMed 27. Duarte V, De Boer SH, Ward LJ, De Oliveira AMR: Characterization of atypical Erwinia carotovora strains causing blackleg of potato in Brazil. J Appl Microbiol 2004,96(3):535–545.PubMedCrossRef 28. Yap MN, Barak JD, Charkowski AO: Genomic diversity of Erwinia carotovora subsp carotovora and its correlation with virulence. Appl Environ Microbiol 2004,70(5):3013–3023.PubMedCrossRef

29. Glasner JD, Marquez-Villavicencio M, Kim HS, Jahn CE, Ma B, Biehl BS, Rissman AI, Mole B, Yi X, Yang CH, et al.: Niche-specificity and the variable fraction of the GSK2399872A in vivo pectobacterium pan-genome. Mol Plant Microbe Interact 2008,21(12):1549–1560.PubMedCrossRef 30. Terta M, Kettani-Halabi Pexidartinib M, Ibenyassine K, Tran D, Meimoun P, M’Hand RA, El-Maarouf-Bouteau H, Val F, Ennaji MM, Bouteau F: Arabidopsis thaliana cells: a model to evaluate the virulence of pectobacterium carotovorum. Mol Plant Microbe Fludarabine solubility dmso Interact

2010,23(2):139–143.PubMedCrossRef 31. Larkin MA, Blackshields G, Brown NP, Chenna R, McGettigan PA, McWilliam H, Valentin F, Wallace IM, Wilm A, Lopez R, et al.: Clustal W and Clustal X version 2.0. Bioinformatics 2007,23(21):2947–2948.PubMedCrossRef 32. Tamura K, Nei M, Kumar S: Prospects for inferring very large phylogenies by using the neighbor-joining method. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2004,101(30):11030–11035.PubMedCrossRef 33. Saitou N, Nei M: The neighbor-joining method: a new method for reconstructing phylogenetic trees. Mol Biol Evol 1987,4(4):406–425.PubMed 34. Tamura K, Peterson D, Peterson N, Stecher G, Nei M, Kumar S: MEGA5: Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis using Maximum Likelihood, Evolutionary Distance, and Maximum Parsimony Methods . Mol Biol Evol 2011,28(10):2731–2739.PubMedCrossRef Competing interests The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Authors’ contributions MK-H designed the study, performed the experiments, data analyses and wrote the paper, MT and MA participated in the sample preparation and preliminary examination, EE participated in the design of the study, FB drafted the manuscript, MME coordinated the study, designed and participated in manuscript preparation. All authors read and approved the manuscript.”
“Background When grown in spatially structured environments several Pseudomonas species are known to produce variants with altered phenotypic properties.