Within the domain Executive Functions, between group differences were found on Problem Solving 3. selleck chemicals 5, P. 037 and Response Generation Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries 3. 2, P. 047 no differences were found on Inhibition. 04, P. 96 and Mental Flexibility 2. 2, P. 12. Post hoc comparisons showed that the VEGFR TKI patients performed worse than healthy controls on both Problem Solving and Response Generation. The patient controls performed worse on Problem Solving compared to the healthy con trols. In the VEGR TKI group, longer treatment on VEGFR TKI was associated with a worse score on Work ing Memory tasks. Self report questionnaires With respect to the self report questionnaires, significant between group differences were found on psychological well being as measured with the SCL 90 R 7. 5, P. 001 mood scores as assessed with the BDI II 12.

9, P. 000 and fa tigue measured with the CIS20r 7. 2, P. 001. No between group Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries differences were found Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries on experienced cognitive failures in daily functioning assessed with the 50. Post hoc comparisons showed that on psychological well being the VEGFR TKI patients reported more feelings of anxiety, depressive symptoms, som atic symptoms and subjective cognitive complaints, as well as an overall heightened level of distress compared to the healthy controls. The patient controls reported more symp toms than healthy controls on the subscales anxiety, depressive symptoms, somatic symptoms, subjective cognitive complaints, and the total distress scale. Mood scores as assessed with the BDI II were higher in the VEGFR TKI group and the patient controls compared to healthy partici pants.

Seven VEGFR TKI patients, 2 patient controls and none Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries of the healthy volunteers had scores above the cut off value of 16 indicative for a depressive disorder that has been validated on advanced cancer patients. Moreover, the VEGFR TKI patients and the patient controls experienced more fatigue than healthy controls on the CIS20r. No significant differences between the two patient groups were found on any of the self report questionnaires or subscales. In the VEGR TKI group, longer treatment on VEGFR TKI was associ ated with less complaints of fatigue. Biomarkers Between the two patients groups no significant differ ences were found in hemoglobin level, leucocytes and platelet counts, liver and renal function, electrolytes, HbA1c, vitamin B12, albumin CRP, ESR and VEGF levels.

In the VEGFR TKI patients group the calculated free Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries testosterone and es tradiol values, absolute neutrophil counts and glucose levels were significantly lower, and the Thyrotropin and LDH levels were higher compared to the patient controls. No consistent correlations were found between the results of hematology and chemistry blood tests and the neuropsychological selleck tests or the self report question naires.