The pattern of thick basiconic sensilla at the apex of epipharynx exhibits distinct sexual dimorphism. The feeding mechanism is conjectured from the ultramorphology of the mouthparts. We suggest that scorpionflies are likely to feed on liquid food of their prey after extra-oral digestion. Hair brushes on the hirsute epipharynx, galeae, laciniae, labial palpi, and hypopharynx might serve to filtrate large particles. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Statutes pertinent to elder abuse vary widely. This article provides examples of organizational structure, dependency and age of the victim, definitions of

abuse, classification of penalties, PP2 solubility dmso and investigation processes. Health care providers must learn their state’s elder abuse laws and review any operating manuals produced from the statutes or regulations. All health care workers must know and implement the law to protect the welfare of older persons.”
“Cephalopsyche, a new genus of caddisfly (Trichoptera, Odontoceridae), is described from Vietnam. Two new species are placed in the

genus: C. gorgona sp. n. and C. neboissi sp. n. The adult male and female of each species exhibit distinct sexual dimorphism, especially in head morphology. In males, there are hinged, chamber-like structures on the vertex of the head, containing filamentous, columnar tissue when exposed. Descriptions and illustrations of both species are provided.”
“Plastid casein kinase 2 (CK2) is a major AZD1152 Ser/Thr-specific

enzyme for protein phosphorylation in the chloroplast stroma and its kinase activity PF-02341066 concentration is regulated by redox signals. To understand the role of CK2 phosphorylation of chloroplast proteins in abiotic stress signalling, an Arabidopsis plastid CK2 (CKA4) knockout mutant was investigated in terms of the plant response to abscisic acid (ABA) and heat stress. CKA4 expression was upregulated by ABA and heat treatment. The cka4 mutant showed reduced sensitivity to ABA during seed germination and seedling growth, and increased stomatal aperture and leaf water loss with a slightly reduced leaf ABA level. The cka4 mutant was more sensitive to heat stress than the wild-type Columbia-0. The expression levels of a number of genes in the ABA regulatory network were reduced in the cka4 mutant. Many heat-upregulated genes (heat-shock factors and heat-shock proteins) were also reduced in the cka4 mutant. The cka4 mutant showed reduced expression levels of plastid-encoded RNA polymerase target genes (atpB and psbA). CKA4 knockout mutation also resulted in a reduction in expression of some critical genes (PTM, ABI4, and PRS1) involved in retrograde signalling from the chloroplast to the nucleus. Similar results were observed in mutant plants with the knockout mutation in both CKA4 and CKA3, which encodes a nuclear CK2 alpha 3 subunit. CKA3 expression was not responsive to ABA and heat stress.