The majority of women (63%) were diagnosed with HIV infection through routine antenatal screening. A history of sexual abuse was reported by 45% of patients (18 of 40). Housing and financial problems were reported by over half of the group [58% (36 of 62) and 62% (34 of 55), respectively].

Over half of the patients were unemployed. Of 23 students, six were of compulsory schooling age at conception. An STI screen in the 12-month period pre-conception was documented in 92% of women (33 of 36) and there were no data for 46% (31 of 67). A history of STIs was reported by 43% of women (20 of 46), with no documentation in 31% (21 of check details 67). Condoms were used by 35% of women (14 of 40) and 65% (26 of 40) reported no contraception use, while contraception use was not documented in 40% (27 of 67). Contraception advice in the 12 months preceding pregnancy was documented in 60% of women (15 of 25) diagnosed with HIV infection before pregnancy. Discussion of contraception Selleck Obeticholic Acid post-delivery was only documented in less than half (45%) of the notes reviewed. Conception within 6 months after delivery occurred

in 10% (seven of 67) and a further 15% (10 of 67) conceived within 12 months; 47% (eight of 17) of these pregnancies occurred despite documented contraception advice, 88% (15 of 17) were unplanned and 12% (two of 17) were terminated (data not shown). The majority of pregnancies (82%; 41 of 50) were unplanned. Only four patients were taking HAART at conception. Of the 94% (63 of 67) who started ART during pregnancy, prevention of vertical transmission was the sole indication in Olopatadine 81% (51 of 63). ZDV monotherapy was prescribed in 22% of patients. Forty-eight per cent were on a PI-based regimen and 30% on an NNRTI-based combination. ART-associated side effects were

reported by 31% of women (20 of 63), the most frequent being nausea and vomiting (14 of 20). Two patients developed a rash. Treatment was interrupted in 15% of women (three of 20) who reported side effects (data not shown). One hundred per cent adherence was self-reported by 59% of women (34 of 58). An HIV VL <50 copies/mL at or closest to delivery was documented in 62% of women (39 of 63). Pregnancy-related complications such as gestational diabetes (n=1), pre-eclamptic toxaemia (n=2) and antepartum haemorrhage (n=1) were seen in 13% of patients (individual data not shown). Mode of delivery was normal vaginal delivery in 29%, elective Caesarean section in 56% and emergency Caesarean section in 15%. Of the 67 deliveries, 14 (21%) were preterm (<37 weeks) with more than half (eight of 14) occurring at ≤34 weeks. More than half of patients (64%; 36 of 56) received intrapartum intravenous ZDV. There were 66 (99%) live births, of which 82% (50 of 61) received ZDV monotherapy as prophylaxis. The one HIV-infected infant had a positive HIV DNA PCR test within 48 h of delivery, indicating in utero transmission.