Only Sco has an MscL ARRY-438162 supplier channel (1.A.22), but both organisms have four MscS proteins, some of which are similar between the two organisms. For example, Sco Q9S2Y1 and Mxa Q1D0J8 are 39% identical

throughout most of their lengths and have therefore been assigned TC#s 1.A.23.7.1 and 1.A.23.7.2, respectively. Moreover, both Sco Q86576 and Sco Q9L1X9 show >33% identity throughout major portions of their sequences with Mxa Q1DEP9. Mxa has eight proteins belonging to the multicomponent Mot-Exb Family (1.A.30) of H+ or Na+ channel chemiosmotic energizers used for motility SB202190 mw and/or outer membrane transport. Sco, being a Gram-positive organism, lacks these homologues. Since it lacks flagellar motility, Mxa lacks MotA/MotB as expected, but it has several TolQ/TolR energizers for transport across the outer membrane [43]. In most cases, MEK phosphorylation both TolQ and TolR were identified, although only TolQ homologues are listed in Table 2. These protein pairs have been entered into TCDB under TC#s 1.A.30.2.3 – 1.A.30.2.7. Two other systems specific to Gram-negative bacteria but lacking in Gram-positive bacteria are the Outer Membrane Protein Insertion Porin (Bam or OmpIP) Family (1.B.33) [44, 45] and the Outer Membrane Lipopolysaccharide Export Porin

(LPS-EP) Family (1.B.42) [46, 47]. As expected, constituents of these two systems were identified in Mxa, but not Sco. Although only some of these constituents are listed in Table 4, homologues of the E. coli constituents were identified, sometimes in multiple copies. Outer membrane porins of Mxa have been examined by Bhat et al., [33] and were therefore not considered further here. Several of these sequence divergent proteins have been included in TCDB. Secondary carriers (TC Sub-class 2.A) The major facilitator superfamily (MFS) The largest superfamily of secondary carriers found in nature is the MFS [48, 49]. Within the MFS (2.A.1), Sco has 114 recognizable homologues, while Mxa has only 32. This huge difference accounts for a significant fraction of the total number of transporters Ribonucleotide reductase Sco has in excess of those that Mxa has (82 of 203, or 41%). Those proteins with low

scores to preexisting entries in TCDB (E-values of > e-10) were entered into this database, thus allowing recognition of more distantly related family members in future studies. A summary of MFS members in Sco and Mxa is presented in Table 7. Almost no sugar transporters of the MFS are found in either Sco or Mxa. Thus, while Sco has two members of the sugar porter (SP) family (2.A.1.1), Mxa has none, and sugar transporters of the OHS (2.A.1.5), FHS (2.A.1.7), NHS (2.A.1.10), SHS (2.A.1.12), PP (2.A.1.18), SET (2.A.1.20), and GPH (2.A.2) families are not represented in either organism. As will be demonstrated below, sugar transporters in Sco belong primarily to the ABC and PTS functional superfamilies. Table 7 MFS members in Sco and Mxa TC Number Family name Known substrate range Sco Mxa 2.A.1.