Employing 21 empirical studies, the author in this systematic review addressed these questions. FLL's utilization of gamified tools produced inconsistent outcomes, with certain tools promoting positive changes, others engendering negative changes, and a further group demonstrating no perceptible effect. Factors that weighed on effectiveness encompassed methodological limitations, experimental bias, technological shortcomings, individual variation, the failure of meaningful gamification implementation, problematic element selections, unsatisfactory measurement methods, and systematic misinterpretations of collected data. Previous studies' limitations were highlighted by this study, which also provides prospective research directions in this field.

Instructional videos, arguably the most important and frequently used resources, are prevalent within massive open online courses (MOOCs). Learners' attitudes and choices pertaining to MOOC instructional videos have been the subject of scrutiny in recent research. Yet, these examinations are often confined to a limited number of particular courses, and few grounded theory-based analyses have inquired into this phenomenon. A multiple-coder research design was adopted to analyze the 4534 student reviews of MOOCs, broken down into 14 categories in the present study. The research investigated the distinguishing aspects of MOOC videos that learners found pleasing, identifying helpful supplemental and in-video resources, and assessing the preferred characteristics of video production. The results indicated that learners prioritized organization, clarity, understanding, interest, and practicality in MOOC videos; learners also perceived presentation slides, reading materials, post-video evaluations, integrated questions, and case studies as helpful tools for better video comprehension; surprisingly, video duration was perceived as a more essential feature compared to other production elements like editing, resolution, subtitles, music, or voice. The implications of the findings are significant for MOOC video design, and these findings also lay the groundwork for future research directions.

The travel behavior of college students and office workers, key stakeholders in the bike-sharing (BS) ecosystem, is a vital element in promoting BS initiatives within Chinese urban environments. In order to understand the influences on BS's behavioral intentions, this paper presents a contrasted analysis of the two groups, employing a different approach. Employing the theory of planned behavior, and augmenting it with environmental awareness, a BS travel intention model was formulated. College students and office workers in Zhengzhou contributed a total of 676 valid questionnaires, which were then analyzed. According to the results, BS's behavioral intentions are positively impacted by attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and environmental awareness. Still, the variables' impact on the respective groups differs considerably. Factors influencing college students' bicycling behavior are primarily centered around perceived control, particularly concerning travel time, expenses, and cycling difficulty. Erastin mouse Regarding office workers' behavioral intentions concerning BS, subjective norms, encompassing policy and media attention, hold the greatest significance. The relationship between environmental awareness and college students' BS use is stronger than the relationship seen in office workers. Our analysis revealed that undergraduates exhibit a more frequent application of BS compared to postgraduates. The findings unveil the key influencers of behavioral intentions toward bike-sharing (BS) among both college students and office workers, offering an approach to improve bike-sharing systems and enhance the synergy between individual users and contextual factors.

Well-established healthcare clowning practices are aimed at relieving discomfort for patients and their family members during periods of hospitalization. Despite the accumulating research into the efficacy of this approach, the modern body of knowledge analyzing the psychological traits of clown doctors is underdeveloped. Across a snapshot of clown doctors, a readily available sample of 210 individuals (143 women, 67 men), aged 18 to 75 years (mean = 47.34, standard deviation = 12.31), completed demographic surveys, the Comic Styles Markers, and the Short Measure for Adult Playfulness in this cross-sectional study. The data emphatically demonstrated that clown doctors produce a noticeably larger degree of fun, benevolent humor, and nonsense, and a reduced degree of cynicism, in contrast to the general population. Significantly, participants with more experience are noted for utilizing less irony, sarcasm, and cynicism than participants with less experience. Playfulness manifested most prominently in the lighter comedic approaches, revealing key disparities in the performance styles of the Whiteface and Auguste clown doctors. The results are expounded upon, utilizing the insights gained from prior studies of clown doctor groups.

Although studies abound on the psychosocial risk factors for intimate partner violence (IPV) victimization during emerging adulthood, the involvement of crucial life skills, including social problem-solving (SPS) and self-esteem, remains largely unexplored. This study endeavors to understand the interconnectedness of SPS, self-esteem, and the various types (psychological, physical, and sexual) and severity of IPV victimization in the context of emerging adulthood. A French online survey collected data from 929 emerging adults, 846% of whom were women with a mean age of 236 years. This group completed self-report questionnaires addressing SPS (problem orientations and problem-solving styles), self-esteem, and IPV victimization. Results unveiled an association between higher self-esteem and robust positive SPS skills, which corresponded to a lower degree of IPV severity. Investigations employing multivariate methods indicated that avoidant and impulsive/careless attachment styles were the primary factors linked to severe forms of IPV. Cases of minor sexual violence were found to be positively associated with lower levels of self-esteem and rational problem-solving skills, whereas minor psychological victimization was linked to an avoidance coping strategy. Erastin mouse The findings of this research demonstrate that conflicts escalating to IPV are potentially related to dysfunctional conflict resolution strategies, thus highlighting the need for interventions to cultivate life skills to avoid IPV.

A key feature of adolescence is the active process of assessing and constructing one's life trajectory. China's society has undergone substantial change over the past several decades, transitioning toward a highly competitive and market-based economy. Despite the increasing focus on the relationship between cultural values and the adjustment of young people in contemporary China, there is a lack of information regarding the common life goals of Chinese adolescents. By employing a mixed-methods approach that included quantitative and qualitative data collection, this study sought to pinpoint the central themes within life aspirations and examine how gender, grade level, and urban/rural settings influenced these themes among Chinese adolescents. In urban and rural China, 163 middle and high school students were the subjects of semi-structured interviews. From the thirteen identified categories of life goals, the most frequently highlighted were Family Well-being, Academic Excellence, and Personal Happiness. Adolescents' quantitative expressions of life goal themes exhibited variations based on both grade and urban-rural classification. Specifically, the trend revealed that middle schoolers and students from rural areas more frequently endorsed life goals prioritizing social cohesion and group well-being, while high school and urban students demonstrated a stronger preference for life goals emphasizing individual freedom and personal distinctiveness. Adolescents' aspirations in contemporary China, as shown by these findings, reflect the impact of societal change.

Asian American students were subjected to amplified physical and emotional difficulties during the COVID-19 pandemic, largely as a consequence of increased xenophobic and anti-Asian discrimination. This investigation explores the varying coping strategies and risk factors impacting Asian and non-Asian college students facing the challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic. The study examines differences in their responses within four distinct areas: academic integration, emotional adaptation, social support structures, and discriminatory impacts linked to the pandemic. Initially, a machine learning method was used to distinguish between well-adjusted and poorly adjusted students within each of the four domains, separately for Asian and non-Asian students. To further investigate, the SHAP method was applied to scrutinize the significant risk factors associated with each classification task, and to compare the notable differences between the two groups. Erastin mouse A proprietary survey, conducted with U.S. college students amidst the initial, significant impact of the pandemic, was instrumental in guiding our study. Our research offers valuable understanding of the risk factors and their directional effects on the well-being of Asian and non-Asian students during the pandemic. Universities can adapt their support systems for these two student groups by using the insights provided in this uncertain era. Applications intended for international communities are being talked about.

Social media platforms present a substantial expansion possibility for enterprises, particularly microenterprises, given their potential for direct customer engagement. We examine the psychological reasons behind entrepreneurs' engagement with social networking sites (SNSs) for business applications, informed by the theory of planned behavior and the technology acceptance model. In addition, we measured personality traits, focusing on openness to experience and dominance.
Data collection involved surveying 325 microentrepreneurs who opted for either social networking services or traditional sales approaches to manage their business operations.