Stressors might consume the limited time they have, preventing them from enjoying shared activities, thus reducing the quality of their togetherness. This study, utilizing a sample of 14,788 respondents from the American Time Use Survey, investigated the correlation between household income and the amount and caliber of time spent together by married couples. In accordance with anticipated trends, lower-income couples engaged in less solitary time together, though this behavior was influenced by whether the day was a weekday or weekend and the presence or absence of children. Higher stress levels were observed in lower-income couples during interactions with their spouses compared to higher-income couples; this relationship was contingent on the number of hours worked by the couples. Study results support the theoretical framework, highlighting that the quantity and quality of time may be instrumental in explaining the distinctions in relationship results for low-income and high-income couples. The copyright of this 2023 PsycINFO database record is held by the APA, and all rights are reserved.

Academicians have frequently proposed that intimate partner violence (IPV) isn't a single, homogenous event, but rather presents itself in several different types. According to Johnson (1995), perpetrators' violence could be either driven by a desire for control or emotional dysregulation, in contrast to Holtzworth-Munroe and Stuart's (1994) typology, which classified perpetrators based on violence severity, targeting of intimate partners, and psychopathological characteristics. Alternative typologies consider personality characteristics, the severity of violent actions, and the diversity of aggressive behaviors. To identify underlying groups, we conducted a systematic review of studies that examined these hypothesized IPV typologies, using exploratory clustering and classification methods. Employing databases including PsycINFO, PsycARTICLES, MEDLINE, and Social Sciences Full Text (H, we conducted our research. Scrutinizing Wilson's research, alongside the data compiled in Social Work Abstracts, yielded significant results. From our review, we found 80 studies testing IPV typologies through empirical methods. In reviewing the 34 studies that satisfied our pre-defined inclusion criteria, we determined the following: (a) the most frequent number of identified types was three, however, considerable variation was apparent between studies; and (b) the models of Holtzworth-Munroe and Johnson received mixed support, and the discrepancies across studies cast doubt on the validity of current typologies and the level of confidence researchers and practitioners can have. Consequently, a cautious application of a categorical approach to IPV is highly recommended.

Families with children diagnosed with cancer often display elevated levels of psychopathology in both children and caregivers, with some individuals experiencing clinically significant symptoms. The influence of caregivers' resting respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) and observed emotion regulation (ER) on the incidence of caregiver and child psychopathology during the first year of pediatric cancer treatment is the subject of this study. A total of 159 primary caregivers of children recently diagnosed with cancer (mean age 5.6 years, 48% male, 52% female) participated in a study, completing 12 monthly questionnaires. Emotional insights from primary caregivers were gathered via interviews, and resting respiratory sinus arrhythmia measurements were taken at the conclusion of the third month. Data analysis utilized multilevel modeling techniques. A year following diagnosis, observed ER was related to lower caregiver anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS); however, no such relationship existed with the children's symptoms. Resting RSA values displayed a marked positive association with the initial experience of child depression/anxiety and also with child PTSS at the conclusion of the first year of treatment. The study's results point to the potential benefits of interventions to help caregivers navigate the negative emotions that arise at the start of cancer treatment. Caregivers whose physiological responses are more controlled could better discern their children's negative feelings. Our results emphasize the crucial role of a multi-method study design in deciphering the connection between ER and functional capacity. The American Psychological Association holds the copyright to the PsycINFO Database Record of 2023, with all rights reserved.

Reliable prejudice reduction is a consequence of intergroup contact. Yet, assessment of its usefulness has been challenged, claiming its impact is reduced, and potentially destroyed, in specific situations. Communication between groups may not be effective in mitigating threats, especially for those with a history of advantage, and is further complicated by discrimination disproportionately affecting those with a history of disadvantage. We explored perceived intergroup threat and perceived discrimination as potential moderators influencing the impact of contact on prejudice. Two meta-analyses, based on data from 34 studies involving 63,945 respondents sampled from 67 subsamples across 19 countries, revealed a relationship between increased contact and a reduction in prejudice, and a concomitant increase in out-group positivity. This finding was consistent across both cross-sectional and longitudinal research designs, and observed among members of advantaged and disadvantaged groups, and in both WEIRD and non-WEIRD contexts. Both perceived threat and perceived discrimination influenced the relationship between contact and attitude, but in a way that was unforeseen. Positively, contact's effects were no less impactful for individuals with high scores (r = .19). Among the individuals, a rather low correlation coefficient of .18 (r) emerged. We must act swiftly to address the perceived threat. Analogously, the outcomes of contact were just as influential amongst those who scored high (r = .23). Among the participants exhibiting a correlation as low as .20, . The perception of discrimination can have substantial consequences. Our analysis reveals that contact is a powerful tool for creating tolerant societies, proving its effectiveness even among subpopulations where the challenge of achieving tolerance is most significant. The APA's 2023 copyright encompasses all rights to this PsycINFO database record.

Ferdinand Taylor Jones (born 1932, died 2022) is commemorated. In Jones's clinical psychology career, social justice, multicultural training, and the support of college mental health were consistently central to his practice and mission. He served as an emeritus professor of psychology and lecturer, emeritus, at the School of Medicine, Brown University. The first director of Brown's Department of Psychological Services, established in 1980, was Jones. By establishing seminars on minority issues for psychology interns and postdoctoral fellows, and guiding support groups for medical students, he made a significant impact at the Warren Alpert School of Medicine. The PsycInfo Database Record's copyright, a 2023 APA right, is fully reserved.

Prevalence rates of youth psychopathology continue to soar, signaling a critical crisis in youth mental health. immune pathways With youth mental health issues escalating globally, compounded by the COVID-19 pandemic's disruptive effects, existing mental health disparities are further exacerbated, disproportionately affecting young people from disadvantaged backgrounds, including ethnic/racial minorities, those with low socioeconomic status, rural communities, and gender and sexual minorities. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/shr0302.html The importance of parents in their children's lives is underscored by their profound influence, their constant presence, and their role in providing the resources necessary to safeguard their mental health. Nevertheless, families facing disadvantages encounter persistent impediments to seeking mental health treatment, and a paucity of accessible mental health options exists for these parents. Subsequently, parents from economically challenged backgrounds are seldom provided with formal psychological instruction, frequently lacking the requisite abilities to suitably address mental health difficulties their children encounter. Psychosocial interventions, digitally adapted as digital mental health interventions (DMHIs), hold promise for reducing mental health disparities among disadvantaged youth by equipping their parents with crucial mental health resources, while effectively bypassing many traditional access barriers. Despite the promise of technology, its full potential remains unrealized, as there are very few, if any, evidence-based and culturally sensitive DMHIs available for underprivileged families. Half-lives of antibiotic Promoting health equity is paramount in the field, achieved by supplying disadvantaged families with the necessary mental health resources. With this aim, the current article implores the field to utilize technological tools to empower parents from underprivileged families as mental health advocates for their youth. Regarding the PsycINFO Database Record, copyright 2023 belongs to APA. All rights pertaining to this record's source and content are reserved.

The human ability to think about observable experiences goes beyond the readily apparent, encompassing both scientific concepts (like genes and molecules) and everyday interpretations (such as germs and the concept of a soul). What is the source of this capacity, and what process governs its growth? In contrast to conventional assumptions, young children frequently demonstrate a capacity to consider hidden, intangible, and abstract entities or those existing outside of immediate perception. My analysis incorporates examples from the domains of essentialism, generic language, and object history. These results reveal a potential divergence from the typical developmental path of young humans; progressing beyond readily apparent aspects is often straightforward, while consistently focusing on the present can prove challenging. I scrutinize the ramifications for child learning, the basic components of human cognition, and how tendencies that give us such intellect and sophistication can also be a source of misdirection and bias.