All authors read and approved the final manuscript.”
“Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most common malignant tumor worldwide, with over 600,000 new cases diagnosed each year, and buy AZD1080 is the third most common tumor-related cause of death [1]. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, hepatitis C virus infection, and aflatoxin-induced oncogene activation and tumor suppressor gene inactivation are the main

causes of HCC [2]. Surgical resection and liver transplantation may cure HCC, but about 85% of patients have locally advanced tumor or distant metastasis at the time of diagnosis, and are not suitable candidates for surgery [3]. Conventional chemotherapy for HCC has limited effectiveness, but recent breakthroughs in treatment with molecular-targeted drugs have been reported. Abnormalities of intracellular signaling pathways which result in abnormal cell proliferation and apoptosis are one of the main mechanisms of HCC development. 3-MA solubility dmso Many complex cellular signaling pathways are

involved in tumor development and growth. These pathways include proteins such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), VEGF receptor (VEGFR), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), PDGF receptor (PDGFR), hepatocyte growth factor/c-Met, Ras/Raf/Mek/Erk, and PI3k/Ak/mTOR. High expression of VEGFR-2, PDGFR-β, and c-Met can be detected in many tumors, including HCC, but information regarding the relationships between expression of VEGFR-2, PDGFR-β, and c-Met and the clinicopathological factors and prognosis of HCC is very limited [4–7]. This study explored the relationships between expression of VEGFR-2, PDGFR-β, and c-Met and the clinicopathological factors and prognosis of HCC patients, aiming to provide AZD1152 ic50 reference information to assist with the diagnosis, evaluation of prognosis, and targeted therapy of HCC. Methods Specimens were collected from 93 HCC patients treated at the Department of Digestive Oncology, Chinese People’s Liberation Army 307 Hospital from January

2007 to October 2011. The specimens were collected from patients by biopsy and it was excluded Ixazomib purchase if the biopsy specimen was too less. Sixty-five of these patients were taking sorafenib. All patients met the following inclusion criteria: (1) advanced stage HCC which was not suitable for surgery or local treatment, or had recurred after surgery or local treatment, (2) Child-Pugh class A or B, (3) Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) score 0 or 1, (4) at least one target lesion that had not been previously treated, (5) no local treatment for at least 4 weeks before baseline imaging, (6) availability of complete clinical and pathological data, including follow-up data. All specimens were fixed in 10% formaldehyde, embedded in paraffin, and cut into 4-μm thick slices before staining.