Hydrated XD has properties similar to those of normal human skin.Figure 2The effect of XD compared to antibacterial cream Flammazine in a patient burned by acetone steam (deep dermal burn). An example selleck Lenalidomide of XD healing effect. (a) Day 1: the burn wound on the leg at the initiation of treatment. (b) XD was applied to the distal …The aim of the current study was to gain more insight into the biological mechanism of XD-mediated wound healing. The bioactivity of XD has been demonstrated in a cell culture assay. Keratinocyte growth and differentiation in vitro on XD and in vivo under XD was analyzed by histology and immunocytochemistry. Our hypothesis was that the natural biological structure of the dermis plays an important role in proliferation and differentiation of the patient’s own keratinocytes.

2. Material and MethodsWe analyzed growth and differentiation of primary human keratinocytes cultured in vitro on XD. We then compared the results with differentiation of neoepidermis in a freshly healing wound treated with XD. Proliferation and differentiation of skin cells in vitro and in the deep dermal burn wound covered with XD was compared using routine histological and immunohistological methods.2.1. Tensile Strength of XDTensile testing on bone-shaped samples was conducted on the testing engine INSPEKT desk 10kN (Hegewald & Peschke) equipped with programme Labmaster. Samples were hydrated overnight in PBS and pulled to failure at 100mm/min using a mechanical stand with a 100N load cell. In total, 40 samples of XD were measured.2.2.

Keratinocyte Cultivation on XDHuman primary keratinocytes (2nd passage) were obtained from redundant skin of donors undergoing abdominoplasty. Keratinocytes were cultured on XD using the 3T3 feeder layer technique [6, 12]. Prior to seeding the cells, XD in the tissue culture dish was immersed in a standard culture medium (HMEM with non-essential amino acids, 0.12g/L sodium pyruvate, 1g/L NaHCO3, and 10% bovine serum) overnight at 37��C. Lethally irradiated NIH-3T3 cells were used as feeder cells and were seeded on the dish with XD at a concentration of 3 �� 104cells/cm2 in a standard culture medium. On the following day, the keratinocytes were seeded at a concentration of 5 �� 104cells/cm2 in a standard culture medium enriched with 2% fetal bovine serum, hydrocortisone (0.5ug/mL), insulin (0.12U/mL), cholera toxin (10?10M), and EGF (5ng/mL).

The cultures were grown in a humidified 3.5% CO2 atmosphere. The progress of cell growth on XD was followed on the noncovered areas of the dish or on specimens stained by May-Gr��nwald and Giemsa-Romanowski.After achieving confluence, XD, along with 1-2 keratinocyte layers, was cut into pieces of approximately 1cm2 and lifted to the air-liquid interface on a stainless steel grid covered Drug_discovery with two layers of sterile gauze.